132 thoughts on “ Home security alarm system circuit diagram ” sumaia says. I made a working model of laser security system for my physics project.
n</title>n<meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html; charset='UTF-8'>n</head>nn<div><div><p>DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERINGn</p>n<p><b>PROJECT REPORTn</b></p>n<p>SUBJECT: ELECTRONICS-In</p>n<p>TEACHER: MADAM AYESHA HAMEEDn</p>n<p>TITLE: <b>RAIN ALARM PROJECTn</b></p>n<p><b>GROUP MEMBERSn</b></p>n<p>GHAYOOR ABBAS AWAN FA16-EEE-041n</p>n<p>MUHAMMAD ARZANISH MALIK FA16-EEE-030</p>nn</div></div>n<div><div><p><b>Rain Alarm ProjectnINTRODUCTIONn</b></p>n<p>Rain Alarm Project is a simple but very useful project that detects Rain n(Rain Water) and automatically triggers an alarm or buzzer. Water is a basic nneed in every one’s life. Saving water and proper usage of water is very nimportant. Here is an easy project which will give the alarm when there is nrain, so that we can make some actions for rain water harvesting and also nsave the rain water for using it later. With the help of saving this rain water nthrough rain water harvesting, we can increase the levels of underground nwater by using underwater recharge technique.n</p>n<p>Rain water detector will detect the rain and make an alert; rain water ndetector is used in the irrigation field, home automation, communication, nautomobiles etc. Here is the simple and reliable circuit of rain water detector nwhich can be constructed at low cost.n</p>n<p><b>CIRCUIT DIAGRAMn</b></p>n<p><b>COMPONENETS REQUIREDn</b></p>n<p>1. <b>1 x Small Rain Sensorn</b></p>n<p>It is a simple sensor and it is an easy to use tool for detecting rain. It can act nas a simple switch, where the switch is normally open and when there is nrain, the switch closes.</p>nn</div></div>n<div><div><p>Even though Rain Water sensor is the main component in the circuit. It nshould get connected to the circuit and voltage should be passed through nthe wires. If there is no rain, the resistance between the contacts will be very nhigh as there will be no conduction between the wires in the sensor. If there nis rain, the water drops will fall on the rain sensor, which will form a nconductive path between the wires and it also decreases the resistance nbetween the contacts. As a result, the wires on the sensor board will nconduct and trigger the NE555 timer through the transistors circuitry. Once nNE555 is triggered, it will make the output pin high and which will make the nbuzzer to make alarm.n</p>n<p>2. <b>1 x 555 Timer ICn</b></p>n<p>The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) used in a variety of timer, npulse generation, and oscillator applications. The 555 can be used to nprovide time delays, as an oscillator, and as a flip-flop element. Derivatives nprovide two (556) or four (558) timing circuits in one packagen</p>n<p>3. <b>(1 x BC548) and (2 x 2N2222) NPN Transistorn</b></p>n<p>It is an NPN bi-polar junction transistor. A transistor, stands for transfer of nresistance, is commonly used to amplify current. A small current at its base ncontrols a larger current at collector & emitter terminals.<b>BC547</b> is mainly nused for amplification and switching purposes. It has a maximum current </p>nn</div></div>n<div><div><p>gain of 800. Its equivalent transistors are BC548 and BC549.The transistor nterminals require a fixed DC voltage to operate in the desired region of its ncharacteristic curves. This is known as the biasing. For amplification napplications, the transistor is biased such that it is partly on for all input nconditions. The input signal at base is amplified and taken at the emitter. nBC547 is used in common emitter configuration for amplifiers. The voltage ndivider is the commonly used biasing mode. For switching applications, ntransistor is biased so that it remains fully on if there is a signal at its base. nIn the absence of base signal, it gets completely off.n</p>n<p>4. <b>1 x Bright White LEDn</b></p>n<p>An LED is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is p-n junction diode nthat emits light when activated.n</p>n<p>5. <b>1x 1N4007 PN Junction Dioden</b></p>n<p>A rectifier diode is used as a one-way check valve. Since these diodes only nallow electrical current to flow in one direction, they are used to convert AC </p>nn</div></div>n<div><div><p>power into DC power. When constructing a rectifier, it is important to nchoose the correct diode for the job; otherwise, the circuit may become ndamaged. Luckily, a 1N4007 diode is electrically compatible with other nrectifier diodes, and can be used as a replacement for any diode in nthe1N400x family.n</p>n<p>6. <b>Resistorsn</b></p>n<p>A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements nelectrical resistance as a circuit element. They are mainly used to reduce ncurrent flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages. We shall require nfollowing resistorsn</p>n<p>• 1 x 220 K 0 3A 9 Resistor (1/4 Watt)n</p>n<p>• 1 x 330 0 3A 9 Resistor (1/4 Watt)n</p>n<p>• 1 x 10 K 0 3A 9 Resistor (1/4 Watt)n</p>n<p>• 1 x 470 K 0 3A 9 Resistor (1/4 Watt)n</p>n<p>• 2 x 3.3 K 0 3A 9 Resistor (1/4 Watt)n</p>n<p>• 1 x 68 K 0 3A 9 Resistor (1/4 Watt)n</p>n<p>7. <b>Capacitor</b></p>nn</div></div>n<div><div><p>A ceramic capacitor is a fixed value capacitor in which ceramic material acts nas the dielectric. It is constructed of two or more alternating layers of nceramic and a metal layer acting as electrodes. We shall require following ncapacitorn</p>n<p>• 1 x 22 µF (Polarized)n</p>n<p>• 2 x 100 µF (Polarized)n</p>n<p>• 1 x 10nF Ceramic Capacitor (Code – 103)n</p>n<p>• 1 x 100pF Ceramic Capacitor (Code – 101)n</p>n<p>8. <b>1 x Speaker – 8Ωn</b>Speakers are one of the most common output devices used with computer nsystems. Speakers are transducers that convert electromagnetic waves into nsound waves. The speakers receive audio input from a device such as a ncomputer or an audio receiver. This input may be either nin analogue or digital form. Analog speakers simply amplify the analogue nelectromagnetic waves into sound waves. Since sound waves are produced nin analogue form, digital speakers must first convert the digital input to an nanalogue signal, then generate the sound waves.n</p>n<p>9. <b>Connecting Wires</b></p>nn</div></div>n<div><div><p>10. <b>Veroboardn</b></p>n<p>Veroboard is a brand of stripboard, a pre-formed circuit board material of ncopper strips on an insulating bonded paper board which was originated nand developed in the early 1960s by the Electronics Department of Vero nPrecision Engineering Ltd (VPE).n</p>n<p>11. <b>12V Power Supply</b></p>nn</div></div>n<div><div><p><b>RAIN ALARM PROJECT BLOCK DIAGRAMn</b></p>n<p>The block diagram of the Rain Alarm Project is shown in the following nimage. The three main components of the project are the Rain Water Sensor, n555 Timer IC and Buzzer.n</p>n<p>When the Rain Water Sensor detects the Rain, it sends a signal to the 555 nTimer. The 555 Timer IC, which is configured in its Astable Mode, will then nactivate the Buzzer.n</p>n<p><b>WORKING OF CIRCUITn</b></p>n<p>We will see the working of the simple Rain Sensor Alarm Circuit Project. nWhen rain falls on the sensor, the Aluminium Wires on the Sensor Board nwill start conducting and close the path between the supply and base of the ntransistor Q2.n</p>n<p>As a result, the Transistor Q2 will turn ON, which will also turn ON the nTransistor Q1. This will turn ON the Bright White LED connected to the nemitter of the Transistor Q1.n</p>n<p>When the transistor Q2 is saturated, the capacitor C1 will be shorted and nwill make the transistor Q3 to be turned ON. C1 will get charged by the nresistor R4.n</p>n<p>When the Transistor Q3 reaches the saturation mode, the Reset Pin of the n555 Timer IC, which is connected to the emitter of Q3, will be made positive.n</p>n<p>The 555 timer is configured in Astable Mode. As the Reset pin of the 555 nTimer IC is given positive voltage, it becomes active and we will get a Pulse </p>nn</div></div>n<div><div><p>signal at the output pin 3 of the 555 Timer IC. This will turn ON the buzzer nand the alarm is activated.n</p>n<p>If you are using a speaker, Capacitor C4, which is connected in between the nPin 3 of 555 timer and the speaker, will block the DC signal and allows only nthe variations in the signal which makes the speaker to make sound. The ndiode D1 will not allow any reverse current from the timer.n</p>n<p>Because of the resistor R4 and capacitor C1, when the capacitor is ncompletely charged, the transistor Q3 will get in to cut – off mode after nsometime.n</p>n<p>As a result, the Reset pin of the 555 Timer IC will not receive any positive nvoltage and the speaker will stop making sound. The time for 555 Timer to nmake speaker sound depends on the values of C1 and R4.n</p>n<p>When there is no rain, the aluminium wire on the sensor will not conduct as nthey do not have any conduction path (open circuit). As a result, the sensor ncannot trigger the 555 Timer IC and there will be no alarm.n</p>n<p>Note:n</p>n<p>Rain senor should be kept in the open place at 30 to 40 degrees from the nground. As a result, rain water will not be present on the sensor for long ntime.n</p>n<p>This circuit will automatically switch of the alarm after sometime and LED nwill glow continuously until the rain stops.n</p>n<p>APPLICATIONSn</p>n<p>In the irrigation, it will detect the rain and immediately alert the farmer.n</p>n<p>In automobiles, when the rain detector detects the rain it will immediately nactive the wipers and inform the driver.n</p>n<p>In communications, it will boost the power of the antenna and increase the nsignal strength to send or receive the signals.n</p>n<p>In normal house hold, with the help of rain water detector we can nautomatically save the rain water. (This can be done only when home nautomation is done and there is proper equipment to save the rain water. In nthis, rain water detector will detect the rain and helps to switch ON the nequipment which will automatically save rain water for different purposes).n</p>n<p>This can also be used if there is a chemical rain also. This is very common nin industrial areas.n</p>n<p>THE END</p>nn</div></div>n</body></html>','canEdit':false,'canDelete':false,'canReport':false,'userVote':null,'previewLimit':3,'advEnabled':true,'totalVotes':5,'title':'Project report of rain sensor project, Thesis for Electronics engineering','isPremiumEnabled':false,'hasQuizcardSet':null}'><div><div><div><div><main><div><div><div><span><span>Preview</span><span>3 pages / 9</span></span></div><div><div><div><div><div><div></div><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div></div><div></div><div></div></div></div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p>DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING</p><p><b>PROJECT REPORT</b></p><p>SUBJECT: ELECTRONICS-I</p><p>TEACHER: MADAM AYESHA HAMEED</p><p>TITLE: <b>RAIN ALARM PROJECT</b></p><p><b>GROUP MEMBERS</b></p><p>GHAYOOR ABBAS AWAN FA16-EEE-041</p><p>MUHAMMAD ARZANISH MALIK FA16-EEE-030</p></div></div><div><div><p><b>Rain Alarm ProjectINTRODUCTION</b></p><p>Rain Alarm Project is a simple but very useful project that detects Rain (Rain Water) and automatically triggers an alarm or buzzer. Water is a basic need in every one’s life. Saving water and proper usage of water is very important. Here is an easy project which will give the alarm when there is rain, so that we can make some actions for rain water harvesting and also save the rain water for using it later. With the help of saving this rain water through rain water harvesting, we can increase the levels of underground water by using underwater recharge technique.</p><p>Rain water detector will detect the rain and make an alert; rain water detector is used in the irrigation field, home automation, communication, automobiles etc. Here is the simple and reliable circuit of rain water detector which can be constructed at low cost.</p><p><b>CIRCUIT DIAGRAM</b></p><p><b>COMPONENETS REQUIRED</b></p><p>1. <b>1 x Small Rain Sensor</b></p><p>It is a simple sensor and it is an easy to use tool for detecting rain. It can act as a simple switch, where the switch is normally open and when there is rain, the switch closes.</p></div></div><div><div><p>Even though Rain Water sensor is the main component in the circuit. It should get connected to the circuit and voltage should be passed through the wires. If there is no rain, the resistance between the contacts will be very high as there will be no conduction between the wires in the sensor. If there is rain, the water drops will fall on the rain sensor, which will form a conductive path between the wires and it also decreases the resistance between the contacts. As a result, the wires on the sensor board will conduct and trigger the NE555 timer through the transistors circuitry. Once NE555 is triggered, it will make the output pin high and which will make the buzzer to make alarm.</p><p>2. <b>1 x 555 Timer IC</b></p><p>The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) used in a variety of timer, pulse generation, and oscillator applications. The 555 can be used to provide time delays, as an oscillator, and as a flip-flop element. Derivatives provide two (556) or four (558) timing circuits in one package</p><p>3. <b>(1 x BC548) and (2 x 2N2222) NPN Transistor</b></p><p>It is an NPN bi-polar junction transistor. A transistor, stands for transfer of resistance, is commonly used to amplify current. A small current at its base controls a larger current at collector & emitter terminals.<b>BC547</b> is mainly used for amplification and switching purposes. It has a maximum current </p></div></div><div><div><p>gain of 800. Its equivalent transistors are BC548 and BC549.The transistor terminals require a fixed DC voltage to operate in the desired region of its characteristic curves. This is known as the biasing. For amplification applications, the transistor is biased such that it is partly on for all input conditions. The input signal at base is amplified and taken at the emitter. BC547 is used in common emitter configuration for amplifiers. The voltage divider is the commonly used biasing mode. For switching applications, transistor is biased so that it remains fully on if there is a signal at its base. In the absence of base signal, it gets completely off.</p><p>4. <b>1 x Bright White LED</b></p><p>An LED is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is p-n junction diode that emits light when activated.</p><p>5. <b>1x 1N4007 PN Junction Diode</b></p><p>A rectifier diode is used as a one-way check valve. Since these diodes only allow electrical current to flow in one direction, they are used to convert AC </p></div></div><div><div><p>power into DC power. When constructing a rectifier, it is important to choose the correct diode for the job; otherwise, the circuit may become damaged. Luckily, a 1N4007 diode is electrically compatible with other rectifier diodes, and can be used as a replacement for any diode in the1N400x family.</p><p>6. <b>Resistors</b></p><p>A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element. They are mainly used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide voltages. We shall require following resistors</p><p>• 1 x 220 K 0 3A 9 Resistor (1/4 Watt)</p><p>• 1 x 330 0 3A 9 Resistor (1/4 Watt)</p><p>• 1 x 10 K 0 3A 9 Resistor (1/4 Watt)</p><p>• 1 x 470 K 0 3A 9 Resistor (1/4 Watt)</p><p>• 2 x 3.3 K 0 3A 9 Resistor (1/4 Watt)</p><p>• 1 x 68 K 0 3A 9 Resistor (1/4 Watt)</p><p>7. <b>Capacitor</b></p></div></div><div><div><p>A ceramic capacitor is a fixed value capacitor in which ceramic material acts as the dielectric. It is constructed of two or more alternating layers of ceramic and a metal layer acting as electrodes. We shall require following capacitor</p><p>• 1 x 22 µF (Polarized)</p><p>• 2 x 100 µF (Polarized)</p><p>• 1 x 10nF Ceramic Capacitor (Code – 103)</p><p>• 1 x 100pF Ceramic Capacitor (Code – 101)</p><p>8. <b>1 x Speaker – 8Ω</b>Speakers are one of the most common output devices used with computer systems. Speakers are transducers that convert electromagnetic waves into sound waves. The speakers receive audio input from a device such as a computer or an audio receiver. This input may be either in analogue or digital form. Analog speakers simply amplify the analogue electromagnetic waves into sound waves. Since sound waves are produced in analogue form, digital speakers must first convert the digital input to an analogue signal, then generate the sound waves.</p><p>9. <b>Connecting Wires</b></p></div></div><div><div><p>10. <b>Veroboard</b></p><p>Veroboard is a brand of stripboard, a pre-formed circuit board material of copper strips on an insulating bonded paper board which was originated and developed in the early 1960s by the Electronics Department of Vero Precision Engineering Ltd (VPE).</p><p>11. <b>12V Power Supply</b></p></div></div><div><div><p><b>RAIN ALARM PROJECT BLOCK DIAGRAM</b></p><p>The block diagram of the Rain Alarm Project is shown in the following image. The three main components of the project are the Rain Water Sensor, 555 Timer IC and Buzzer.</p><p>When the Rain Water Sensor detects the Rain, it sends a signal to the 555 Timer. The 555 Timer IC, which is configured in its Astable Mode, will then activate the Buzzer.</p><p><b>WORKING OF CIRCUIT</b></p><p>We will see the working of the simple Rain Sensor Alarm Circuit Project. When rain falls on the sensor, the Aluminium Wires on the Sensor Board will start conducting and close the path between the supply and base of the transistor Q2.</p><p>As a result, the Transistor Q2 will turn ON, which will also turn ON the Transistor Q1. This will turn ON the Bright White LED connected to the emitter of the Transistor Q1.</p><p>When the transistor Q2 is saturated, the capacitor C1 will be shorted and will make the transistor Q3 to be turned ON. C1 will get charged by the resistor R4.</p><p>When the Transistor Q3 reaches the saturation mode, the Reset Pin of the 555 Timer IC, which is connected to the emitter of Q3, will be made positive.</p><p>The 555 timer is configured in Astable Mode. As the Reset pin of the 555 Timer IC is given positive voltage, it becomes active and we will get a Pulse </p></div></div><div><div><p>signal at the output pin 3 of the 555 Timer IC. This will turn ON the buzzer and the alarm is activated.</p><p>If you are using a speaker, Capacitor C4, which is connected in between the Pin 3 of 555 timer and the speaker, will block the DC signal and allows only the variations in the signal which makes the speaker to make sound. The diode D1 will not allow any reverse current from the timer.</p><p>Because of the resistor R4 and capacitor C1, when the capacitor is completely charged, the transistor Q3 will get in to cut – off mode after sometime.</p><p>As a result, the Reset pin of the 555 Timer IC will not receive any positive voltage and the speaker will stop making sound. The time for 555 Timer to make speaker sound depends on the values of C1 and R4.</p><p>When there is no rain, the aluminium wire on the sensor will not conduct as they do not have any conduction path (open circuit). As a result, the sensor cannot trigger the 555 Timer IC and there will be no alarm.</p><p>Note:</p><p>Rain senor should be kept in the open place at 30 to 40 degrees from the ground. As a result, rain water will not be present on the sensor for long time.</p><p>This circuit will automatically switch of the alarm after sometime and LED will glow continuously until the rain stops.</p><p>APPLICATIONS</p><p>In the irrigation, it will detect the rain and immediately alert the farmer.</p><p>In automobiles, when the rain detector detects the rain it will immediately active the wipers and inform the driver.</p><p>In communications, it will boost the power of the antenna and increase the signal strength to send or receive the signals.</p><p>In normal house hold, with the help of rain water detector we can automatically save the rain water. (This can be done only when home automation is done and there is proper equipment to save the rain water. In this, rain water detector will detect the rain and helps to switch ON the equipment which will automatically save rain water for different purposes).</p><p>This can also be used if there is a chemical rain also. This is very common in industrial areas.</p><p>THE END</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div><div></div></div></div></div></main><div><div></div></div><div><div><div><div><div><div></div></div></div><div><div></div></div><div><div></div></div><div><div><div></div></div></div><div><div></div></div><div><div></div></div></div><div></div></div></div><div><div><div><div><div></div></div></div></div></div></aside></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></body>